What it is
Grassed waterways are constructed graded channels that are seeded to grass or other suitable vegetation. The vegetation slows the water and the grassed waterway conveys the water to a stable outlet at a non-erosive velocity. The most common areas are in draws between hills, and other low-lying areas on slopes where water concentrates as it runs off of a field.
How it helps
Grass or permanent vegetation established in waterways protects the soil from concentrated flows. Grassed waterways significantly reduce gully erosion and improve runoff water quality resulting from concentrated surface flow.
Planning ahead
Grassed waterways should be designed and installed where gully erosion is a problem. Constructing the grassed waterway at the right time of the year will aid in the proper establishment of the vegetation and help to ensure its success. If you have an area of concern, contact the local SWCD/NRCS office for planning and design assistance.
Maintenance
Proper maintenance will protect your investment in a grassed waterway. The following tips will help ensure the longevity of the waterway:
- Lift implements out of the ground before crossing the waterway.
- Bring row crop patterns into the waterway nearly level, or use it as the turn area. Don't plant end rows along the side of the waterway, as they contribute to failure.
- Fertilize as needed.
- Inspect the area frequently for places needing reseeding and eroding areas. Repair minor rills or gullies by reshaping and reseeding.
- Maintain the width of the grass area when tilling and planting surrounding fields.
- Don't let herbicide spray continue into the waterway.
- Don't use the waterway as a road. Vehicle tire tracks can lead to the formation of a gully.
- Don't mow the grass until a good sod is established. Once it is established, the waterway should be mowed periodically and the invasive species controlled. Check with the local SWCD/NRCS office on allowable time to mow if cost share is received to install practice.
- Maintain outlets to prevent new gullies from forming at the outlet. This may include reshaping and reseeding the outlet, or repairing or replacing components of structural outlets.
Videos
Grassed waterways protect soil from concentrated water flows, significantly reduce gully erosion and improve runoff water quality resulting from the concentrated surface flow.
Producers can utilize the grassed waterways practice to improve field accessibility and retain valuable soil on the landscape while improving water quality. Learn about Richard Kritzler's experience with installing the practice as well as tips on maintenance, complementary practices and more.
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